Turkish Airlines (Turkish: TÃÆ'¼rk Hava Yollar? ) (B? ST: THYAO) is the flag carrier of the Turkish national flag. By 2017, the airline operates scheduled services to 302 destinations in Europe, Asia, Africa and America, making it the world's largest carrier by number of destinations (excluding regional brands). It serves more non-stop destinations than one airport than any other airline in Europe. Turkish Airlines flies to 120 countries, more than any other airline. With an operational fleet of 15 cargo planes, the airline's cargo division serves 73 destinations.
The headquarters of the airline company is in the Turkish General Airport Management Building on the AtatÃÆ'¼rk Airport land in Ye ilkkÃÆ'¶y, Bak? RkÃÆ'¶y, Istanbul. Istanbul AtatÃÆ'¼rk Airport is the main base of airlines, and there are secondary hubs at Istanbul Sabiha International Airport GÃÆ'¶kÃÆ'§en and Ankara Esenbo - an International Airport. Turkish Airlines has been a member of the Star Alliance network since April 1, 2008.
Video Turkish Airlines
History
Initial years
Turkish Airlines was established on May 20, 1933 as the Aviation State Administration (Turkish: Devlet Hava Yollar? ) as the Ministry of National Defense department. The initial fleet consisted of two five-seat Curtiss Kingbirds, two four-seater Junkers F.13s and one ten Tupolev ANT-9 seats. In 1935, the airline was handed over to the Ministry of Public Works and later renamed Directorate General of State Airlines . Three years later, in 1938, it became part of the Ministry of Transportation.
Postwar period
Some Douglas DC-3 and Douglas C-47 gradually in 1945. Originally established as a domestic airline, the airline began international service with the inauguration of the Ankara-Istanbul-Athens flight in 1947; DC-3 and C-47 enable operators to expand their networks.
Nicosia, Beirut and Cairo were immediately added to the airline's international destinations. However, domestic services remained the primary focus of the carrier until the early 1960s.
In 1956, the Turkish government reorganized the airline under the name TÃÆ'¼rk Hava Yollari A.O. (often abbreviated as THY). It was capitalized on TL 60 million. The airline joined the International Air Transport Association (IATA) shortly thereafter. In 1957, British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) began supplying technical support after it acquired a 6.5 percent shareholding, held for about 20 years.
New aircraft including Vickers Viscounts, Fokker F27s and Douglas DC-3 were added to the fleet in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Turkish Airlines began operating their first jet, McDonnell Douglas DC-9, in 1967. This was followed by the addition of three Boeing 707 jets in 1971. Other aircraft operated in the early 1970s included McDonnell Douglas DC-10 and Fokker F28 operated in 1972 and 1973 respectively.
1980s and 1990s
The airline was plagued by some problems in the 1980s and '90s. It develops a reputation for poor customer service and delays. He was also hijacked and suffered seven accidents between 1974 and 1983. The most famous was the 1974 crash of Turkish Airlines Flight 981, when a plane design defect caused the broken cargo door to fly near Ermenonville, France, resulting in the deaths of 346 people.
A new government came to power in 1983 recognizing the importance of THY as Turkey's gateway to the world, initiating the transformation of the airline into a modern operation. It will continue to maintain one of the world's youngest fleets. Security is improved, causing one sender to compare it with El Al Israel, at least in case of delay.
You built a sophisticated new technical center at Ye il ilkÃÆ'¶y Airport in 1984. The airline is capable of light and heavy maintenance on a number of different aircraft types. Technical staff then make up a quarter of 6,000 airline employees, according to Air Transport World. In 1984, the company's capital was raised to TL 60 billion as it was classified as a state economic enterprise. Three years later, the capital was raised again, to TL 150 billion.
In the mid-1980s, they had a fleet of 30 aircraft. It flies about three million passengers per year to 16 domestic destinations and three dozen internationally. This airline is the largest foreign currency source in Turkey. Turkish Airlines began operating the Airbus A310 in 1985, allowing the addition of flights to Singapore in 1986. A route to New York City via Brussels was added in 1988.
The company posted losses in 1987 and 1988, largely due to high payouts on a dozen new Airbus A310s, according to Air Transport World. The fleet also includes 11 Boeing 727 and nine Douglas DC-9. THY ended the decade with 8,500 employees.
The company suffered in a global aviation crisis after the Persian Gulf War and will not break even again until 1994. However, the business again boomed in the mid-1990s, with the biggest growth coming from North America's goals. THY launched a nonstop flight to New York City in July 1994.
The company's capital continued to be raised, reaching TL 10 trillion in 1995. During the year, the airline also converted three Boeing 727s into special cargo. DC-9 has been sold. The company posted a $ 6 million profit on revenue of $ 1 billion for the year. Although profitable, they must compete with very high inflation in Turkey, making capital increase difficult.
The domestic market was regulated in 1996, allowing new scheduled competition from charter airlines. At the same time, larger international operators are giving a tough competition on routes to Western Europe. YOU entered into marketing agreements with other international airlines to improve their competitiveness. The company cooperated with Japan Airlines to offer services to Osaka and Tokyo in 1997 and 1998. Other joint flights were soon followed by Austrian Airlines, Swissair and Croatia Airlines.
2000 and 2010s
A new terminal opened for airlines in January 2000 at Istanbul Istanbul AtatÃÆ'¼rk Airport. Turkish Airlines continued to expand their international reach, forging a marketing agreement with Asiana Airlines, American Airlines, Malaysia Airlines, LOT Polish Airlines, Czech Airlines and Cathay Pacific in 2000. The Antalya-Frankfurt route was added in 2001 through a code-sharing agreement with Sun Express. However, they withdrew from the Swissair-led Qualiflyer alliance to help attract strategic investors for their privatization.
Turkey experienced an economic crisis throughout 2001, which resulted in reduced traffic on domestic routes in particular. They survived after the September 11 attacks in the United States without a government bailout or mass layoffs, although 300 middle management positions were removed, 400 part-time workers were laid off and wages cut by 10 percent. The Turkish Daily News credits the airline's viability to entrepreneurial management, which quickly eliminates losing routes at home and abroad.
In 2003, the war in Iraq drove Turkish Airlines to close several routes in the Persian Gulf, while flights to Asia were halted during the SARS epidemic. However, airlines soon recovered, increasing traffic on existing routes and adding services to Delhi after an interval of 11 years.
Another fleet expansion program started in 2004, helping them maintain one of the youngest fleets in Europe. In July of that year, the airline announced orders worth $ 2.8 billion from 36 jets from Airbus, plus orders for 15 Boeing 737s.
THY is not just ordering a new plane. It plans to spend $ 350 million on new technical and training facilities at the underutilized Sabiha GÃÆ'¶kö§en International Airport. The airline has built significant technical service operations, maintaining not only their own aircraft but from third parties. Turkish Technic employs 2,700 workers and plans to hire another 2,000 by 2010. They also have three flight simulators and offer flight training services.
The airline is facing the entry of new competitors into the liberalizing Turkish airline market. However, tourism is booming, with 20 million people expected to visit the country in 2005 compared to 12 million in 2003. YOU divested 50% of their ownership in Cyprus Turkish Airlines (K? Br? S TÃÆ'¼rk Hava Yollar?) In 2005.
Although the company is publicly traded today, the government owns 98% of its shares. The privatization program was revived in 2004 with a 20% public offering on the Istanbul Stock Exchange. The Turkish government owns 75% of the shares after the offer, which earns $ 170 million. Currently, the Prime Prime Privatization Administration of the Republic of Turkey holds 49.12% interest in THY, while 50.88% of the shares are traded publicly.
On April 1, 2008, Turkish Airlines joined the Star Alliance after an 18-month integration process began in December 2006, becoming the seventh European airline in a 20-member alliance.
In April 2010, TURKISH replaced VIEW as a new call sign for Turkish Airlines.
In December 2011, the Turkish government announced plans to modernize Aden Adde International Airport in Mogadishu, Somalia, which became one of the airline's newest destinations in 2012. The rehabilitation project is part of Turkey's wider engagement in post-conflict situations. reconstruction process. Among the renovation schedules are new airport systems and infrastructure, including modern control towers to monitor airspace. In March 2012, Turkish Airlines became the first international airline to continue the flight to Somalia since the start of the country's civil war in the early 1990s.
By the end of 2013, Turkish Airlines has increased the number of points of their flights to 241 destinations worldwide (199 international and 42 domestic).
After Turkey's coup attempt in 2016, the Federal Aviation Authority banned temporary flights between Turkey and the United States. This poses particular problems for Turkish Airlines as a key component of the airline's strategy is to deliver a one-stop ride between the US and the hard-to-reach destinations in Africa, the Middle East and India. The ban was lifted on July 18, and Turkish Airlines continued flights to the US on July 19.
In August 2016, Turkish Airlines announced profits collapsed to a loss of 198 million euros for the second quarter of 2016 while expecting an overall loss of 10 million passengers for 2016. The airline has announced significant reductions in operations for the upcoming 2016/2017 period with frequency cuts up to 45 routes Europe and 13 intercontinental. Turkish Airlines also announced an overall loss of 1.9 billion Turkish Lira ($ 644.4 million) records for the first half of 2016.
Maps Turkish Airlines
Company affairs
The key person
In April 2018, the chairman was held by Ayc's llker ?. Bilal Ek? I hold the position of vice chairman and CEO.
Business trends
The main trend for Turkish Airlines over the past 15 years is shown below (as of April 11, 2018):
Affinity program
Miles & amp; Smiles is a frequent flyer program of Turkish Airlines, inaugurated in 2000 after the airline left Qualiflyer. Acquisition miles can be used on Turkish Airlines flights, as well as on flights operated by the entire Star Alliance network. Miles & amp; Smiles Classic Plus is entitled to the same benefits from Star Alliance Silver cardmembers. Elite & Elite Plus Miles & amp; Smiles gives its owners the same benefits as Star Alliance Gold users.
Sponsorship and promotional agreement
Turkish Airlines has become the official airline of several European football clubs such as FC Barcelona, ​​Borussia Dortmund, Galatasaray, Olympique Marseille, Aston Villa, FK Sarajevo, Hannover 96, and U.S. Rome.
The airline has also made sponsorship deals and promotions with famous athletes and actors, including Lionel Messi, Kobe Bryant, Caroline Wozniacki, Kevin Costner, Wayne Rooney and Didier Drogba.
The company has been a major sponsor of Euroleague Turkish Airlines since 2010 and is one of the sponsors of the FIBA ​​World Championship 2010.
On October 22, 2013, Turkish Airlines and Euroleague signed an agreement to extend the existing sponsorship deal for five years until 2020.
Turkish Airlines is a sponsor of Turkish Airlines Open, a European Tour golf tournament that is played annually in Turkey since 2013.
Turkish Airlines is Galatasaray's sponsor kit for the Champions League 2014-15 and for Bosnian club FK Sarajevo. Since then, the airline has also sponsored kits for campaigns of Turkish clubs in Europe such as FenerbahÃÆ'§e and Ba'abul? Ehir.
On December 10, 2015, Turkish Airlines and UEFA signed a sponsorship deal for UEFA Euro 2016, sponsoring the first airline of the UEFA European Championship tournament.
On January 29, 2016, Turkish Airlines announced a partnership with Warner Bros.. to sponsor the film Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice . In the film, an important scene takes place on an A330 Turkish Airlines plane. That year, the airline is also working with a number of Turkish travel agents in the production of the romantic comedy film Non-Transferable .
Destination
In September 2017, Turkish Airlines flew to 302 destinations in 120 countries.
Turkish Airlines codeshare with the following airlines:
Fleet
In May 2018, the Turkish Airlines fleet consisted of the following aircraft:
In October 2016, due to a decrease in domestic air traffic, the airline announced delays in the delivery of 39 Boeing and Airbus aircraft (details are undefined) of its outstanding commitment to 167 aircraft (92 Airbus A321neos, 65 Boeing 737 MAX 8 and 10 Boeing 737 MAX 9s). It is set to receive only 10 of the 32 planes because in 2018, but all outstanding orders are expected to be met by 2023.
Livery
The airline "Eurowhite" livery features a white plane with blue letters, a gray tulip on a plane running from the back of the wing to the tail, and a red tail with the company logo in a white circle.
In the past, the plane was painted white at the top with four red lines across the fuselage and a white tail with a red center that included the emblem; instead of a white emblem with a red circle for the background, the symbol is red with a white circle. The plane's belly has an aluminum layer, while its nose is black, and the text on the plane reads "THY TÃÆ'¼rk Hava Yollar? -Turkish Airlines" on the left side; on the right the concept is the same as reading the different text "TÃÆ'¼rk Hava Yollar? -Turkish Airlines THY".
The "Eurowhite" livery and the gray tulip figure on the fuselage (running from the back of the wing to the tail) remain the same.
Awards
Turkish Airlines won the Skytrax award for Europe's Best Airline , Best Southern Airlines , and World Class Best Premium Classroom for three consecutive years in 2011, 2012 and 2013, and retained its status as Europe's Best Airline in 2014, 2015 and 2016, thereby holding the title for six consecutive years. In addition, Turkish Airlines was selected as Airline of the Year by Airfreight News at the 2013 Air Transportation Awards Ceremony. In November 2017, Turkish Airlines was recognized as "The 16th Best Airline in the World for Business Travel "by CEOWORLD magazine.
Turkish Airlines Flight Academy
Turkish Airlines Flight Academy was founded by THY Board 28th on 10th November 2004, and started training with 16 cadets on May 1st, 2006. The Aviation Academy is based in Istanbul AtatÃÆ'¼rk Airport and uses the Airport ÃÆ'â € Å" nearest orlu for training activities.
The academy flight fleet consists of the following 14 aircrafts:
- 10 Cessna 172S
- 2 Cessna Citation Mustang
- 2 DA-42NG Diamonds
Turkish Airlines Treatment Center
Turkish Airlines runs a maintenance center in Istanbul AtatÃÆ'¼rk Airport. The maintenance center, called Turkish Engineering, is responsible for maintenance, repair and repair (MRO) of Turkish Airlines and third party aircraft, including airframe, landing gear, APU and other subsystems.
Turkish Technic opens machining center in partnership with Pratt & amp; Whitney at Sabiha International Airport GÃÆ'¶kÃÆ'§en (SAW) is called TEC (Turkish Engine Center) in January 2010. This facility provides machine maintenance, repair and repair services for customers worldwide. The latest project, dubbed HABOM (Turkish: Havac? L? K Bak? M Onar? M ve Modifikasyon Merkezi, Flight Maintenance, Repair and Repair) is set to become the main complex and also located in GERGAJI.
Incidents and accidents
Media related to Turkish Airlines on Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- Skylife
- Anadolujet (Regional low cost operator THY)
- SunExpress (Cooperation with Lufthansa)
- TURKISH TECHNIC official website
- TURKISH AVIATION ACADEMY Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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